Biochemical pesticides are a very trendy pesticide recently, and it needs to meet the following two requirements. One is that it has no direct toxicity to the control object, but only has special effects such as regulating growth, interfering with mating or attracting; the other is a natural compound, if it is artificially synthesized, its structure should be the same as that of a natural compound (differences in the ratio of isomers are allowed). It mainly includes the following categories: chemical semiochemicals, natural plant growth regulators, natural insect growth regulators, natural plant resisters, etc.

Microbial pesticides refer to pesticides that use living organisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa or genetically modified microorganisms as active ingredients. Such as Bacillus, Streptomyces, Pseudomonas and so on.

Botanical pesticides refer to pesticides whose active ingredients are directly derived from plants. Such as matrine, azadirachtin, rotenone, osthole and so on.

Agricultural antibiotics refer to natural organic substances produced in the process of microbial life activities that can show specific pharmacological effects on plant pathogens at lower concentrations (mainly refers to the effect of inhibiting or killing pathogenic bacteria). Such as avermectin, kasugamycin, spinosad, ivermectin, Jinggangmycin, etc.

However, it should be pointed out that agricultural antibiotics are produced by microbial fermentation. Although they are also biological pesticides, in terms of registration data requirements, except for some test items that cannot be provided due to the special properties of the product (reductions can be applied for), others are basically equivalent to chemical pesticide. At present, almost no other countries in the world treat it as a biological pesticide, but from the perspective of source, research and application status, antibiotic pesticides are still a very important category of biological pesticides in my country’s history and now.